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"Effectiveness of Multi-detector CT enterography with mannitol as oral contrast for detecting small bowel disease”.
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Author : vaibhav govind srivastav
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AIM: To assess the usefulness of multi-detector CT enterography with orally administered mannitol as negative contrast in demonstrating small bowel disease.
METHOD AND MATERIAL: Total study group consisted of 100 patients, fifty volunteers in whom distention ability of mannitol was studied and other fifty with various kinds of small bowel disease. We administered about 1 500 mL mannitol as negative contrast agent and then proceeded with CT scanning. All volunteers were interviewed about their tolerance of the procedure. Post processed data was interpreted, and adequacy of luminal distention was evaluated on a three point scale. Demonstration of features of various kinds of small bowel disease was studied in a specific pattern.
RESULTS: The taste of mannitol is good and acceptable by all. Small bowel distention was optimal and good in most volunteers. CT features of many kinds of diseases such as tumors, tuberculosis, and small bowel ischemia, etc. were clearly displayed.
CONCLUSION: CT enterography with mannitol as negative contrast agent is a simple, noninvasive and effective method of distending and evaluating the small bowel.
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`Antitumor-Antibiotic Mitomycin C Induced
Genotoxicity Followed By Cellular Repair`
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Author : Yogesh A. Sontakke
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The genetic success of an organism is dependent
upon the faithful replication and maintenance of its
genetic material. Many physical and chemical agents like
Mitomycin C (MMC) pose a threat to this genetic
continuity. Organisms have evolved a diverse array of
enzymatic pathways for the removal of DNA damage. MMC
is an antitumor-antibiotic derived from Streptomyces
caespitosus (1). MMC had been in clinical use for more
than 30 years. MMC has proved effective in the frontline
treatment of many solid tumors such as superficial
bladder cancer (2), gastric carcinoma (3), pancreatic
neoplasias (4), anal carcinomas and esophageal
carcinomas (5). It is also used in combinations with other
anti-tumor agents in palliative treatment of many
advanced cancers or cancers that have become resistant
to other forms of therapy (6). The activity of this agent in
solid tumors and its enhanced effectiveness against hypoxic cells those are resistant to radiation (7) has
increased interest of biomedical researcher in MMC.
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~CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS DEVELOPING
VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA”
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Author : Sameer Ratan Sarda
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care units. A systematic review found that VAP occurs in 10-20% of all patients mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours. Patients who develop VAP are twice as likely to die as those without VAP.
Additionally, the occurrence of VAP prolongs the duration of hospital stay by six to 30 days and incurs additional medical expenses ranging from $5,000 to $40,000 per case.
Why this Study in AVBRH?
Although the incidence of VAP and the contribution of various micro-organisms to this have been studied extensively around the world, very few studies are carried out in our country with varying observations; with no such work reported from central India.
Hence this Study was planned in our set up of AVBRH, to actually find out burden of VAP & associated outcome of the same.
Our study helped in -
• Understanding and &studying the risk factors for ventilator associated pneumonia in our ICU patients.
• To assess length of hospital days and number of ventilator days in VAP development
• Nature of pathogen grown on tracheal aspirate culture
• Outcome of VAP
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~Morphometric study of placenta associated with normal pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension~
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Author : Harsha Jagannath Bobade
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Abstract:
Background:. Placenta is a mirror, which reflects the intrauterine status of the fetus and postnatal fetal outcome. Objectives: To study morphometric parameters of the placenta associated with normal pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension. Study Design: 100 placentae (50 from normal pregnancy and 50 from PIH group) were collected. Gross examination of the placentae were done like the number of cotyledons, insertion of umbilical cord, calcification, infarction and shape of the placentae. Parameters like weight, thickness, diameter, area and volume of placentae were noted. Results: Majority of the cases belonged to primigravida in the PIH group. More number of placentae had normal shape and the mean number of cotyledons showed lower values in the PIH group. Marginal insertion of the umbilical cord is more in the PIH group. The mean placental weight, placental area, placental volume, placental diameter and thickness were lower in the PIH group. Conclusion: In the present study we concluded that primigravidae were mostly affected than multigravidae with PIH. The morphometric parameters are comparatively less in PIH group than in the control group.
Key words: Pregnancy induced hypertension, Placenta, Morphometry
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‘An Eye for an Eye’ : Prosthodontic Rehablitation of
an Ocular Defect
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Author : Sweta Pisulkar
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Man`s need for artificial substitutes to replace
missing body parts has probably existed as long as man
itself. Socially the deformed body is not completely
accepted. Physical abnormalities or defects that
compromise appearance and function are sufficient to
render an individual incapable of leading a relatively
normal life(1).
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‘Visual Outcome And Complications Of Manual Sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgery -A Rural Hospital Based Study’
Chief & Presenting Author:
Dr. Sandeep Anjankar, Resident, Department Of Ophthalmology - drsdanjankar@rediffmail.com
Co- Authors:
Dr. Pradeep Sune, Professor & Head, Department Of Ophthalmology
Dr. Mona Sune, Asst. Prof., Department Of Ophthalmology
Dr. Somya Dulani, Professor, Department Of Ophthalmology
Dr. Pravin Tidake, Asso. Prof., Department Of Ophthalmology
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Author : Sandeep Deepak Anjankar
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Aims and Objectives: To determine the surgically induced astigmatism and complications of Manual Sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgery. Final Best Spectacle Corrected Visual Acuity at 3months.
Material and Methods: This randomized prospective interventional study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra. This study was approved by ‘The Ethical Committee DMIMS (DU), Nagpur.’ In this study 200 Eyes of 200 Patients were included. The study was conducted 1st Sept 2011 to 1st Sept 2012. Cataract surgery was performed in all cases by manual sutureless small incision technique. Patients were thoroughly examined and visual acuity & Keratometry were recorded pre-operatively and at follow-up visits. The type and amount of astigmatism were calculated from the Keratometry readings. Any complications found during surgery or on follow up visits were also recorded.
Results Out of 200 patients, 108(54%) patients achieved BSCVA of 6/6 and 61(30.5%) patients having BSCVA of 6/9 with no patients having BSCVA less than 6/18. Astigmatism was noted to be significant or high and was comparable with phacoemulsification technique. In our study, 54 patients developed complications in which, 23(11.5%) patients developed Striate Keratopathy, 20 (10%) developed corneal oedema, 11(5.5%) patients had increased IOT, 4(2%) with Descemets Stripping and 2(1%) with wound leak. Also we found 6(3%) patients with post op anterior segment inflammation and 3 (1.5%) patients with intra operative hyphema.
Conclusions: Manual small incision cataract surgery is able to achieve excellent outcomes, less learning curve and fewer complications along with lower cost and average surgical time than phaco. Post-operative astigmatism is less and comparable with phaco. Final BSCVA was good in almost all cases. Cost required for this is far less than phaco.
Keywords- Astigmatism, Keratometry, MSICS (Manual Sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgery) , BSCVA (Best Spectacle Corrected Visual Acuity), UCVA (Under Corrected Visual Acuity), Holmström’s gradation, Complications.
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“Appraisal of the abstracts published in the souvenir of Joint State Conference of Maharashtra branch of IPHA and MCIAPSM and 36th National Conference of IAPSM”
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Author : Zahiruddin Quazi Quazi
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Research Question: What is the quality and content of the abstracts submitted for presentation and published in the Souvenir of the 36th National Conference of IAPSM and Joint State Conference of Maharashtra branch of IPHA and MCIAPSM held at Aurangabad during January 2009. Objective: To appraise the quality and contents of the abstracts published in the Souvenir. Methods: This descriptive study was designed and conducted for appraisal of abstracts published in the souvenir of 36th National Conference of Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine (IAPSM) and Joint State Conference of Maharashtra Chapters of Preventive and Social Medicine (MCIAPSM) and Maharashtra Branch of Indian Public Health Association (IPHA) held at Aurangabad during January 2009. The current appraisal included all the 296 abstracts published in this souvenir. All the relevant information was retrieved from the published souvenir in a pre-designed structured form. Results: Of the 296 abstracts submitted during this conference, 48.6% were from Maharashtra. 98.6 % abstracts followed a structured format and almost equal number also specified study objectives. Research question was mentioned in 5 abstracts and only one of the abstracts specified the research hypothesis. 89.9% abstracts were based on results of original research. Majority of the studies were cross-sectional (86.1%) and almost half of the studies were performed in community setting 126 (42.6%). Less than one tenth studies used test of significance or inferential statistics in analysis. Conclusion: This appraisal would help the association to design its future research prioritization.
Key Words: Abstracts, Appraisal, Conference, Research methods, IAPSM, IPHA
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“Can ULBT be an accurate predictor of difficult intubation?”
A prospective, observational Study
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Author : gunjan ashokkumar badwaik
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objective:Although there are many preoperative tests to predict difficult airway, they are far from being ideal i.e. easy to perform, highly sensitive and specific, having high positive predictive value with few false positive predictions. Aims: to elucidate the role of upper lip bite test (ULBT)) in predicting difficulty in endotracheal intubation.Methods: 300 patients meeting inclusion criteria, aged 21-60 yrs. having ASA I and II status, posted for elective surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation were enrolled in this study. Preoperatively anaesthesiologist not involved in intubation evaluated and assessed the ULBT class Laryngoscopy was assesed by anaesthesiologist blinded to the measurements and was graded according to Cormack and Lahane’s Grading system. ULBT of class III, was considered as markers of a potentially difficult intubation. Statistical Analysis: Data was analysed using kappa agreement and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value with their 95% confidence interval was calculated. Results: The negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of ULBT were 100% and 92.2% respectively. Sensitivity and Specificities for ULBT was 100 and 45 respectively.ULBT showed agreement with laryngoscopic grading (kappa=.59 with p-value < 0.0001) Conclusion: The high specificity, NPV, PPV, accuracy and moderate agreement with kappa of ULBT could be a good rationale for its application in the prediction of difficulty or easiness in intubation.
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“COMPARISON OF COMBINATION OF
SEVOFLURANE AND PROPOFOL WITH PROPOFOL ALONE
FOR INDUCTION AND INTUBATION:
A CLINICAL STUDY”
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Author : SIDDHARTH SONI
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Sevoflurane is a newer inhalational agent and has pleasant smell, produces minimal cardiovascular and respiratory de-rangements. Propofol is the most commonly using intrave-nous induction anaesthetic agent. Propofol produces brief period of hypotension, bradycardia and also causes pain on injection. There was significant fall in heart rate, blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure after induction and in-tubation in group A when compared with group B. Induc-tion time was significantly less in group group A patients ( 39.80 ±8.10 ) when compared with group B patients ( 156.07± 21.50) ( P value - < 0.001 ). Intubation without muscle relaxant using combination of inhalational sevo-flurane 4% with propofol 1.5 mg/kg had more favourable conditions when compared with patients received propofol 3 mg/kg only.
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